Pharaoh Hound
The Pharaoh Hound is a graceful and affectionate breed with ancient roots in Egypt. Known for its unique 'blushing' trait, this playful companion thrives on exercise and human interaction.
Overview
Breed Overview
The Pharaoh Hound, known as the national dog of Malta, is a breed steeped in history and elegance. With origins tracing back to ancient Egypt, this noble breed has remained remarkably unchanged for thousands of years, retaining its graceful appearance and unique characteristics. Standing between 21 to 25 inches tall and weighing 45 to 55 pounds, Pharaoh Hounds are medium-sized dogs with a sleek, athletic build.
Their short, glossy coat ranges from shades of red to chestnut, often adorned with white markings on the chest, face, and tail. One of the breed's most endearing traits is its ability to 'blush'—when excited, their noses and ears turn a delightful rose color, captivating all who encounter them. Pharaoh Hounds are known for their affectionate and playful nature, making them excellent companions for families and individuals alike.
They thrive on human interaction and enjoy being part of family activities. While they are generally friendly with other dogs, they may be reserved around strangers, requiring proper socialization from a young age. Their intelligence and sensitivity make them trainable, but they can also exhibit a stubborn streak, necessitating positive reinforcement training methods.
With a high energy level, Pharaoh Hounds require regular exercise to stay happy and healthy. Daily walks, runs, and play sessions are essential to meet their activity needs. They excel in dog sports such as lure coursing and agility, showcasing their agility and speed.
Despite their active nature, they are calm indoors and enjoy lounging with their families. Grooming is minimal for this breed, as their short coat sheds little and requires only occasional brushing. However, they are sensitive to cold weather due to their thin ears, making proper care necessary in cooler climates.
Overall, the Pharaoh Hound is a unique and rewarding breed that brings joy and companionship to those who appreciate their spirited and loving nature.
Fun Facts
Pharaoh Hounds are known for their unique 'blushing' characteristic, where their noses and ears turn a rosy color when excited.
Pharaoh Hounds are the national dog of Malta, where they are known as Kelb-tal-Fenek, meaning 'rabbit dog.'
Pharaoh Hounds excel in dog sports such as lure coursing and agility.
These dogs have a strong prey drive and may chase after small animals if not properly trained and contained.
They are one of the oldest domesticated breeds, with origins tracing back to ancient Egypt.
Similar Breeds
Breed Characteristics
Family & Friends
Good Behavior
Get Up & Go
Household Harmony
Temperament & Personality
✨Key Traits
🐕Core Temperament
The Pharaoh Hound is known for its affectionate and playful temperament. They are intelligent and sensitive dogs that thrive on human interaction.
While they can be reserved with strangers, they are generally friendly and good with children. Their independent nature means they may not always seek constant attention, but they enjoy being included in family activities.
They are active and energetic, requiring regular exercise and mental stimulation to keep them happy. Their strong prey drive may lead them to chase small animals, so supervision is essential.
💫Personality Profile
Pharaoh Hounds are known for their affectionate and playful nature. They thrive on human companionship and enjoy being involved in family activities.
While they can be reserved with strangers, they are generally friendly and good with children. Their intelligence and sensitivity make them responsive to training, although they may exhibit a stubborn streak at times.
They are active dogs that require regular exercise to keep them happy and healthy, and they enjoy engaging in various activities that stimulate their minds and bodies.
🔊Vocal Tendencies
Pharaoh Hounds are generally not excessive barkers, but they may vocalize when excited or alerting to something unusual. Their barking tendency is moderate, making them suitable for families who prefer a quieter dog.
They may bark to communicate with their owners or to express excitement during playtime. While they are not known for being overly noisy, they will alert their owners to the presence of strangers or unusual sounds.
Affection & Social Traits
Energy & Activity
Communication Style
Care Requirements
Exercise
Daily Exercise
The Pharaoh Hound is an active breed that requires a significant amount of exercise to maintain its physical and mental well-being. Ideally, they should engage in at least 60 to 120 minutes of exercise daily, which can include a combination of brisk walks, runs, and playtime in a secure area.
Activities such as lure coursing, agility training, and fetch are particularly enjoyable for them, as they cater to their hunting instincts and high energy levels. Puppies may require shorter, more frequent play sessions, while senior dogs may benefit from gentler activities to accommodate their changing energy levels.
Regular exercise helps prevent behavioral issues stemming from boredom and pent-up energy, such as destructive behavior or excessive barking. Insufficient exercise can lead to weight gain and a decline in overall health, making it crucial for owners to prioritize their Pharaoh Hound's activity needs.
Living & Adaptability
Space Requirements
Pharaoh Hounds thrive in environments where they have ample space to run and play. While they can adapt to apartment living, it is essential that they have access to a secure outdoor area for exercise.
A home with a fenced yard is ideal, as these dogs have a strong prey drive and may chase after small animals if given the opportunity. Owners living in smaller spaces should ensure they provide sufficient daily exercise and mental stimulation to prevent boredom.
Without adequate space and stimulation, Pharaoh Hounds may exhibit destructive behaviors or anxiety.
Climate Preference
Feeding
Schedule
Food Types
Portion Size
Special Nutritional Needs
Pharaoh Hounds do not have specific dietary restrictions, but it is essential to provide a balanced diet rich in protein and healthy fats to support their active lifestyle. Regular monitoring of their weight and adjusting portions accordingly can help prevent obesity. Some dogs may have sensitivities to certain ingredients, so it's important to choose high-quality food and consult with a veterinarian if any dietary issues arise.
Grooming
Overview
The Pharaoh Hound has a short, glossy coat that requires minimal grooming. Owners should brush their dogs occasionally with a hound glove or damp cloth to remove loose hair and keep the coat healthy.
Bathing should be done only when necessary, as these dogs are generally clean and have little odor. Regularly checking and trimming nails, cleaning ears, and brushing teeth are also important aspects of their grooming routine.
Due to their sensitive skin, it is advisable to use gentle dog shampoos when bathing.
Care Schedule
Health Profile
Health Care
Regular veterinary care, including vaccinations, dental check-ups, and preventive treatments, is vital for maintaining the Pharaoh Hound's health throughout its life. Early detection of health issues through routine examinations can significantly impact their lifespan. Owners should also be proactive in monitoring their dog's weight and overall condition, adjusting care routines as needed to promote optimal health.
Health Issues Overview
Average Lifespan
11 - 14 yearsGenetic Factors
Genetics play a significant role in the Pharaoh Hound's lifespan, with certain hereditary health issues potentially affecting their longevity. Responsible breeding practices that prioritize genetic diversity and health screening can help reduce the risk of inherited conditions. Potential owners should seek reputable breeders who conduct health tests on their breeding stock to ensure the best possible outcomes for their puppies.
Living Conditions
The Pharaoh Hound's lifespan can be influenced by various environmental factors, including housing conditions, climate, and social interactions. Providing a warm, comfortable living space with soft bedding is essential, as they are sensitive to cold temperatures.
Regular exercise and mental stimulation are crucial for their overall health and longevity. Social interactions with family and other pets can contribute positively to their emotional well-being, reducing stress and anxiety, which can impact their lifespan.
Common Health Issues
Patellar Luxation
Warning Signs
Diagnosis
Physical examination and X-rays to assess knee joint stability.
Treatment
Surgical intervention may be required in severe cases.
Management Tips
Maintain a healthy weight, provide joint supplements, and consult a veterinarian for treatment options.
Hip Dysplasia
Warning Signs
Diagnosis
X-rays to evaluate hip joint conformation.
Treatment
Surgery may be necessary in severe cases.
Management Tips
Weight management, joint supplements, and controlled exercise can help manage symptoms.
Hypothyroidism
Warning Signs
Diagnosis
Blood tests to measure thyroid hormone levels.
Treatment
Thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
Management Tips
Lifelong medication and regular veterinary check-ups are essential.
Preventive Care
Hip Evaluation
Evaluates the hip joint for dysplasia and other abnormalities, crucial for maintaining joint health.
Recommended at 2 years and older, or before breeding.
Knee Evaluation
Assesses the knee joint for luxation and stability, important for active dogs.
Recommended at 1 year and older, or before breeding.
Thyroid Function Test
Checks thyroid hormone levels to detect hypothyroidism, a common condition in the breed.
Recommended annually for dogs over 5 years old.
Training
Training Profile
Training Tips
Training a Pharaoh Hound requires patience and consistency. Positive reinforcement techniques, such as treats and praise, work best with this sensitive breed.
Start with basic obedience commands and gradually introduce more complex tasks as they become comfortable. Keep training sessions short and engaging to prevent boredom, and incorporate playtime to reinforce learning.
Socialization with other dogs and people is vital to help them develop confidence and reduce any potential shyness. Enrolling in puppy classes or working with a professional trainer familiar with sighthounds can be beneficial.
Work Drive
Pharaoh Hounds possess a strong work drive, stemming from their history as hunting dogs. They thrive on mental and physical challenges, making activities like lure coursing and agility particularly fulfilling.
Providing them with tasks or games that stimulate their minds, such as puzzle toys or scent work, can help keep them engaged and prevent boredom. Without sufficient mental stimulation, they may resort to undesirable behaviors, such as digging or excessive barking.
Training Considerations
Pharaoh Hounds can exhibit some behavioral challenges, particularly due to their independent nature and strong prey drive. They may become easily distracted during training sessions or while on walks, especially if they spot small animals.
To overcome these challenges, consistent and positive reinforcement training methods are essential. Engaging training sessions that incorporate play and mental stimulation can help maintain their focus and enthusiasm.
Socialization from an early age is also crucial to help them become well-adjusted adults, reducing tendencies toward timidity or aloofness with strangers.
History & Heritage
Origins & Heritage
The Pharaoh Hound's origins are steeped in the rich history of ancient Egypt, where it is believed to have been bred as a hunting dog for thousands of years. Its resemblance to the dogs depicted in Egyptian art has led to its association with the ancient civilization.
The breed was brought to Malta by Phoenician traders, where it became known as the Kelb-tal-Fenek, or rabbit dog. The Maltese people cherished these dogs for their hunting prowess and companionship, and they played a vital role in local culture.
The Pharaoh Hound has remained a symbol of Maltese heritage, recognized for its elegance and agility.
Development History
The Pharaoh Hound's history can be traced back to ancient Egypt, where it was used for hunting and companionship. The breed was brought to Malta by Phoenician traders around 700 BCE, where it flourished in isolation, preserving its unique traits.
Over the centuries, the Pharaoh Hound has been utilized for hunting rabbits and as a loyal companion. Its appearance has remained consistent with depictions found in ancient Egyptian tombs, showcasing its noble and graceful stature.
The breed gained recognition in the modern era, with the American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognizing it in 1984.
Historical Purpose
Originally bred for hunting rabbits, the Pharaoh Hound has evolved into a versatile companion dog. Its keen sight and scent abilities make it an excellent hunter, while its affectionate nature and playful demeanor have made it a beloved family pet. Today, the breed participates in various dog sports, including lure coursing and agility, showcasing its athleticism and intelligence.
Cultural Impact
The Pharaoh Hound is not only the national dog of Malta but also a breed steeped in history, with its images found in ancient Egyptian art dating back over 3,000 years. This breed has played a significant role in Maltese culture, being treasured for its hunting abilities and companionship.
The unique 'blushing' characteristic of the Pharaoh Hound, where its nose and ears turn a rosy color when excited, adds to its charm and has made it a beloved companion in many households. The breed's historical significance is further highlighted by its preservation in Malta, where it has remained largely unchanged from its ancient ancestors.
Conservation Status
While not endangered, this breed remains rare. Dedicated breeding programs and enthusiast support are important for maintaining healthy population numbers.